We have Provided the CBSE Solutions chapter-wise. Class 8 Science Chapter 1 Crop Production and Management with Answers by expert subject teacher for latest syllabus and examination. Students can take a free CBSE Solutions of Crop Production and Management. Each question has right answer Solved by Expert Teacher.
CBSE Solutions Class 8 Science Beehive Prose
Page No. 3
Exercises
Q1. Select the correct word from the following list and fill in the blanks.
float, water, crop, nutrients, preparation
(a) The same kind of plants grown and cultivated on a large scale at a place is called .
(b) The first step before growing crops is of the soil.
(c) Damaged seeds would on top of water.
(d) For growing a crop, sufficient sunlight and and __ from the soil are essential.
Answer: (a) crop.
(b) preparation
(c) float
(d) water and nutrients
Q2. Match items in column A with those in column B.
| A | B |
| (i) Kharif crops (ii) Rabi crops (iii) Chemical fertilisers (iv) Organic manure | (a) Food for cattle (b) Urea and superphosphate (c) Animal excreta, cow dung urine and plant wastes (d) Wheat, gram, pea (e) Paddy and maize |
Answer:
| A | B |
| (i) Kharif crops (ii) Rabi crops (iii) Chemical fertilisers (iv) Organic manure | (e) Paddy and maize. (d) Wheat, gram, pea. (b) Urea and superphosphate. (c) Animal excreta, cow dung urine and plant wastes. |
Q3. Give two examples of each.
(a) Kharif crop
(b) Rabi crop
Answer: (a) Kharif crop: Paddy and maize
(b) Rabi crop: Wheat and gram
Q4. Write a paragraph in your own words on each of the following.
(a) Preparation of soil
(b) Sowing
(c) Weeding
(d) Threshing
Answer: (a) i) The first method in crop management is soil preparation. This process is done by loosening the soil with the help of a plough which helps in ploughing or tilling it.
ii) Loosening of soil particles adds humus and nutrients and increases the absorption of water and manure in the soil which increases crop yields.
(b) Sowing: It is the process of putting seeds in the soil. For this purpose, good quality seeds are selected which are clean, healthy, of good variety, and give a high yield. Seeds are sown with the help of a traditional funnel-shaped tool or a seed drill. An appropriate distance between the seeds is also important to avoid overcrowding.
(c) The unwanted plants that grow along with the main crop and compete with crop for light, food and other substance are called weeds. Removal of these unwanted plants is called weeding. Weeding is done by different ways which include manual removal, seed drill and weedicides.
(d) Threshing is the process of separating grains or seeds from chaff. It is done after harvesting the crop. It is usually carried out with the help of a machine known as ‘Combine’. This machine is a combined harvester and thresher. It harvests plants as well as cleans grains.
Q5. Explain how fertilisers are different from manure.
Answer:
| Fertilizers | Manure |
| 1) Fertilizer is an inorganic substance. 2) Fertilizers are prepared artificially. 3) Prepared in factories. 4) Does not provide Humus to the soil. 5) Rich in plant nutrients. 6) Long term usage has adverse effects on soil. | 1) Manure is an organic substance. 2) Manure is obtained by decomposition of animal, plant and human waste. 3) Prepared in fields. 4) Provide humus to the soil. 5) Relatively less plant nutrients. 6) Long term usage improves soil fertility. |
Q6. What is irrigation? Describe two methods of irrigation which conserve water.
Answer: The artificial method of watering the plants for assisting in their growth is called irrigation. Main sources of irrigation are wells, tube-wells, ponds, lakes, rivers.
Two methods which help us to conserve water are:
(i) Sprinkler irrigation system: This irrigation system has an arrangement of vertical pipes with rotating nozzles on the top. It is more useful in the uneven and sandy land where sufficient water is not available.
(ii) Drip irrigation system: This irrigation system has an arrangement of pipes or tubes with very small holes in them to water plants drop by drop just at the base of the root. It is very efficient as water is not wasted at all.
Q7. If wheat is sown in the kharif season, what would happen? Discuss.
Answer: 1) Kharif season is from June to October. If wheat is planted during this season, it is possible that the entire crop will be damaged due to a variety of issues including a lack of optimal temperature, adaptability, and insect availability.
2) The rainy season is included in the Kharif season, which is not conducive to wheat crop growth, as wheat grows well in the winter or rabi season. As a result, the wheat crop must not be planted during the Kharif season, but rather during the Rabi season.
Q8. Explain how soil gets affected by the continuous plantation of crops in a field.
Answer: The continuous growing of crops makes the soil deficient in certain nutrients. To avoid this, the following practices should be facilitated:
- Crop rotation
- Manuring the soil
- Leaving field fallow
Q9. What are weeds? How can we control them?
Answer: The undesirable plants in the field are called weeds. These have to be removed, otherwise our own crop plants may not get sufficient water, nutrients, space and light. So, they are removed either by manual method or by using weedicides.
The manual removal includes physical removal of weeds by uprooting or cutting them close to the ground from time to time. This is done with the help of a khurpi or harrow.
By using weedicides also, we can remove weeds. These weedicides only damage weeds and do not harm crops.
Q10. Arrange the following boxes in proper order to make a flow chart of sugarcane crop production.
Answer:
Q11. Complete the following word puzzle with the help of clues given below.
Down
- Providing water to the crops.
- Keeping crop grains for a long time under proper conditions.
- Certain plants of the same kind grown on a large scale.
Across
- A machine used for cutting the matured crop.
- A rabi crop that is also one of the pulses.
- A process of separating the grain from chaff.
Answer: Down
- IRRIGATION
- STORAGE
- CROP
Across
- HARVESTOR
- GRAM
- WINNOWING
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