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NCERT Solutions for Class 9 Social Science Civics Chapter wise
Page No. 53
Exercises
Q1. Here are some false statements. Identify the mistake in each case and rewrite these correctly based on what you have read in this chapter.
(a) Leaders of the freedom movement had an open mind about whether the country should be democratic or not after independence.
(b) Members of the Constituent Assembly of India held the same views on all provisions of the Constitution.
(c) A country that has a constitution must be a democracy.
(d) Constitution cannot be amended because it is the supreme law of a country.
Answer: (a) Leaders of the freedom movement had a consensus that the country should be a democratic nation after independence.
(b) Members of the Constituent Assembly of India held the same views on the basic principles of the constitution.
(c) A country that is a democracy must have a constitution.
(d) Constitution can be amended to keep up with the changes in aspirations of the society.
Q2. Which of these was the most salient underlying conflict in the making of a democratic constitution in South Africa?
(a) Between South Africa and its neighbours
(b) Between men and women
(c) Between the white majority and the black minority
(d) Between the coloured minority and the black majority
Answer: (d) Between the coloured minority and the black majority
Q3. Which of these is a provision that a democratic constitution does not have?
(a) Powers of the head of the state
(b) Name of the head of the state
(c) Powers of the legislature
(d) Name of the country
Answer:(b) Name of the head of the state
Q4. Match the following leaders with their roles in the making of the Constitution:
| (a) Motilal Nehru (b) Β.R. Ambedkar (c) Rajendra Prasad (d) Sarojini Naidu | (i) President of the Constituent Assembly (ii) Member of the Constituent Assembly (iii) Chairman of the Drafting Committee (iv) Prepared a Constitution for India in 1928 |
Answer:
| (a) Motilal Nehru (b) Β.R. Ambedkar (c) Rajendra Prasad (d) Sarojini Naidu | (iv) Prepared a Constitution for India in 1928 (iii) Chairman of the Drafting Committee (i) President of the Constituent Assembly (ii) Member of the Constituent Assembly |
Q5. Read again the extracts from Nehru’s speech ‘Tryst with Destiny’ and answer the following:
(a) Why did Nehru use the expression “not wholly or in full measure” in the first sentence?
(b) What pledge did he want the makers of the Indian Constitution to take?
(c) “The ambition of the greatest man of our generation has been to wipe every tear from every eye”. Who was he referring to?
Answer: (a) Jawahar Lal Nehru in his speech, ‘Tryst with Destiny’ used the expression, ‘not wholly or in full measure’ as for him nation-building was a challenging task which can’t be achieved overnight. Hence, for nation-building, he wanted it to be a gradual process.
(b) Nehru wanted makers of the Indian constitution to take a pledge of dedication to the service of India and her people and to the still larger cause of humanity.
(c) Nehru was referring to Mahatma Gandhi, the father of our nation.
Q6. Here are some of the guiding values of the Constitution and their meaning. Rewrite them by matching them correctly.
| (a) Sovereign (b) Republic (c) Fraternity (d) Secular | (i) Government will not favour any religion. (ii) People have the supreme right to make decisions. (iii) Head of the state is an elected person. (iv) People should live like brothers and sisters |
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Answer:
| (a) Sovereign (b) Republic (c) Fraternity (d) Secular | (ii) People have the supreme right to make decisions. (iii) Head of the state is an elected person. (iv) People should live like brothers and sisters. (i) Government will not favour any religion. |
Q7. A friend from Nepal has written you a letter describing the political exercises situation there. Many political parties are opposing the rule of the king. Some of them say that the existing constitution given by the monarch can be amended to allow more powers to elected representatives. Others are demanding a new Constituent Assembly to write a republican constitution. Reply to your friend giving your opinions on the subject.
Answer: In my opinion, making small amendments does not shift whole power in the hands of representatives. This does not give total responsibility to the elected representatives what will happen in next upcoming years. Hence, a new and well drafted constitution is the correct choice.
Q8. Here are different opinions about what made India a democracy. How much importance would you give to each of these factors?
(a) Democracy in India is a gift of the British rulers. We received training to work with representative legislative institutions under the British rule.
(b) Freedom Struggle challenged the colonial exploitation and denial of different freedoms to Indians. Free India could not be anything but democratic.
(c) We were lucky to have leaders who had democratic convictions. The denial of democracy in several other newly independent countries shows the important role of these leaders.
Answer: (a) Democracy in India was not a gift of the British. We had fought with the British to get independence in 1947. It was decided by our Constituent Assembly which had decided that India will have a democratic form of government. At the same time, we cannot ignore the fact that India received some training to work with representative legislative institutions under the Acts of 1919 and 1935.
(b) It is true India had fought against the colonial exploitation and denial of different freedoms to the Indians. Under the leadership of Gandhiji, the Indians started a satyagraha against the Rowlatt Act 1919 and the Salt Act 1930. Thus after independence, there could have been no government except democracy.
(c) India had leaders like Mahatma Gandhi, Jawaharlal Nehru, Maulana Azad, Dr. Rajendra Prasad, Dr. B.R. Ambedkar who were in favour of democracy. So they drafted a democratic constitution. They were determined to live up to democratic ideals. Leaders like Kwame Nkrumah of Ghana, General Musharraf of Pakistan, and the military leaders of Myanmar left democratic convictions and denied democracy.
Q9. Read the following extract from a conduct book for ‘married women’, published in 1912. ‘God has made the female species delicate and fragile both physically and emotionally, pitiably incapable of self-defence. They are destined thus by God to remain in male protection – of father, husband and son – all their lives. Women should, therefore, not despair, but feel obliged that they can dedicate themselves to the service of men’. Do you think the values expressed in this para reflected the values underlying our constitution? Or does this go against the constitutional values?
Answer: The values expressed in this para is totally contradictory to the values underlying our constitution. Here, women are treated as weak while in our constitution men and women bothare treated equal. The governmental policies also favour women to bring them in mainstream.
Q10. Read the following statements about a constitution. Give reasons why each of these is true or not true.
(a) The authority of the rules of the constitution is the same as that of any other law.
(b) Constitution lays down how different organs of the government will be formed.
(c) Rights of citizens and limits on the power of the government are laid down in the constitution.
(d) A constitution is about institutions, not about values.
Answer: (a) Not true because the Constitution is the supreme law.
(b) True, as the constitution decided the legislature, executive and judiciary role and powers.
(c) True, as the Constitution has provided Fundamental Rights to each and every citizen of India.
(d) Not true as the Constitution holds values on which all institutions work. Our preamble states about values – justice, liberty, fraternity, and equality.
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