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NCERT Solutions for Class 9 Social Science History Chapter wise
Page No. 157
Questions
Q1. Test cricket is unique game in many ways. Discuss some of the ways in which it is different from other team games. How are the peculiarities of Test cricket shaped by its historical beginnings as a village game?
Answer: A standard game of cricket takes longer to complete than other modern sports. Even though a Test Match lasts five days, it still finishes in a draw. A one-day contest takes the entire day to complete. The Twenty-Twenty, the shortest version, takes roughly four hours to complete. The majority of current sports take roughly 90 minutes to complete. Cricket’s lengthy character stems from its origins in the pre-industrial era, when the economy was entirely agrarian. People had plenty of leisure during the off seasons for farming to watch a cricket match for several days.
In different parts of the world, cricket grounds come in a variety of shapes and sizes. Cricket was the first team sport to be codified in the modern era. Over time, the rules and regulations of cricket evolved on their own. Cricket was first played on the commons in its early years. The size of the commons area varied, and there was no clear boundary. The umpires determined the length of the boundary line after consulting with the captains of both teams.
Q2. Describe one way in which in the nineteenth century, technology brought about a change in equipment and give one example where no change in equipment took place.
Answer: With the changing times technology brought about a change in Cricket equipment but it remained true to its origins:
- Introduction of pads and protective gloves. These protective equipments came forth as a result of the invention of vulcanised rubber.
- Cricketing most important tools are made from natural and pre-industrial materials. The bats, even today, are made of wood. Also, they are not factory manufactured, but made by hand.
Q3. Explain why cricket became popular in India and the West Indies. Can you give reasons why it did not become popular in countries in South America?
Answer: India and West Indies were colonies of England, where cricket was very popular. This game also originated in South England. The British officials and sahibs in India and West Indies played cricket to pass off their leisure time. In both the countries, initially, the game was adopted and promoted by the upper class to imitate the colonial masters. Thus, it became popular in both the countries.
Most of the countries of South America remained under the colonial rule of other European powers, but not England. South American countries were under the rule of Spain (Chile and Argentina), Portugal (Brazil), France (French Guinea). Therefore, as cricket was not popular in the mother countries it did not become popular in colonies.
Q4. Give brief explanations for the following:
(i) The Parsis were the first Indian community to set up a cricket club in India.
Answer: The Parsis were a small trading community in close contact with the British, and hence, they were the first ones to westernise. During this process of westernisation, they founded the first Indian cricket club, in Bombay, in 1848, called the Oriental Cricket Club.
(ii) Mahatma Gandhi condemned the Pentangular tournament.
Answer: The Pentagular tournament was a competition amongst communally constituted teams. As a result, Mahatma Gandhi denounced the tournament.
(iii) The name of the ICC was changed from the Imperial Cricket Conference to theInternational Cricket Conference.
Answer: The Imperial Cricket Conference was named as International Cricket Conference in 1965. Earlier colonial powers like England and Australia dominated the game, its proceedings, rules and regulations. England and Australia had the right to veto over its proceedings which were scrapped in favour of equal membership in 1989.
(iv) The shift of the ICC headquarters from London to Dubai.
Answer: The shift of the ICC headquarters from London to Dubai happened on account of India’s location in South Asia. Since India has the largest viewership and market for cricket, the balance of power in cricket has shifted from the colonial domain to the decolonised domain. The shifting of headquarters symbolised and formally marked the end of English or imperialist domination over the game.
Q5. How have advances in technology, especially television technology, affected the development of contemporary cricket?
Answer: Cricket has evolved into a marketable sport with the potential to produce significant cash. Cricket boards made money by selling television rights to broadcasters. Advertising slots were sold to make money for the television stations. Cricket gave businesses the chance to market their products and services to a big and captive audience. Because to the constant media attention, cricketers have become celebrities. Cricketers began to make large sums of money by starring in commercials, in addition to receiving increased remuneration from their cricket boards. The game’s audience grew as a result of the television coverage. Cricket could be seen and experienced by people from tiny towns and villages. Many children in small towns may want to be cricketers by imitating their heroes.
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