We have Provided the NCERT/CBSE Solutions chapter-wise for Class 10 Social Science GEography Chapter 3 Water Resources with Answers by expert subject teacher for latest syllabus and examination. Students can take a free NCERT Solutions of Water Resources. Each question has right answer Solved by Expert Teacher.
CBSE Solutions Class 10 Social Science Geography Water Resources
Page No 46
Q1. Multiple choice questions.
(i) Based on the information given below classify each of the situations as ‘suffering from water scarcity’ or ‘not suffering from water scarcity’.
(a) A region with high annual rainfall.
Answer: A region with high annual rainfall – Not suffering from water scarcity
(b) A region having high annual rainfall and large population.
Answer: A region having high annual rainfall and large population – Suffering from water scarcity
(c) A region having high annual rainfall but water is highly polluted.
Answer: A region having high annual rainfall but water is highly polluted – Suffering from water scarcity
(d) A region having low rainfall and low population.
Answer: A region having low rainfall and low population- Not suffering from water scarcity
(ii) Which one of the following statements is not an argument in favour of multipurpose river projects?
(a) Multi-purpose projects bring water to those areas which suffer from water scarcity.
(b) Multi-purpose projects by regulating water flow help to control floods.
(c) Multi-purpose projects lead to large scale displacements and loss of livelihood.
(d) Multi-purpose projects generate electricity for our industries and our homes.
Answer: (c) Multi-purpose projects lead to large scale displacements and loss of livelihood.
(iii) Here are some false statements. Identify the mistakes and rewrite them correctly.
(a) Multiplying urban centres with large and dense populations and urban lifestyles have helped in proper utilisation of water resources.
Answer: Multiplying urban centres with large and dense populations and urban lifestyles have resulted in improper utilisation of water resources.
(b) Regulating and damming of rivers does not affect the river’s natural flow and its sediment flow.
Answer: Regulating and damming of rivers does affect the river’s natural flow and its sediment flow.
(c) In Gujarat, the Sabarmati basin farmers were not agitated when higher priority was given to water supply in urban areas, particularly during droughts.
Answer: In Gujarat, the Sabarmati basin farmers were agitated when higher priority was given to water supply in urban areas, particularly during droughts.
(d) Today in Rajasthan, the practice of rooftop rainwater water harvesting has gained popularity despite high water availability due to the Indira Gandhi Canal.
Answer: Today in Rajasthan, the practise of rooftop rainwater water harvesting popularity has declined due to high water availability from Indira Gandhi Canal.
Q2. Answer the following questions in about 30 words.
(i) Explain how water becomes a renewable resource.
Answer: Water becomes a renewable resource by hydrological cycle. The fresh water which is
only a small proportion of water available on earth is mainly obtained from surface run off and groundwater that is continually being renewed and recharged through the hydrological cycle. Thus, all water-precipitations, surface run off and groundwater that moves within the hydro-logical cycle ensures that water is a renewable resource.
(ii) What is water scarcity and what are its main causes?
Answer: Many of our cities are such examples. Thus, water scarcity may be an outcome of large and growing population and consequent greater demands for water, and unequal access to it. A large population requires more water not only for domestic use but also to produce more food. Hence, to facilitate higher food-grain production, water resources are being over-exploited to expand irrigated areas for dry-season agriculture. Irrigated agriculture is the largest consumer of water. Most farmers have their own wells and tube-wells in their farms for irrigation to increase their productivity. This has adversely affected water availability and food security of the people.
(iii) Compare the advantages and disadvantages of multi-purpose river projects.
Answer: Multipurpose river projects help in irrigation, electricity production, flood control, the supply of water for domestic and industrial use, recreation, inland navigation and fish breeding. It integrates development of agriculture and the village economy with rapid industrialization and growth of the urban economy. However, the reservoirs destroy local flora and fauna. Dams fragment the river thus making it difficult for aquatic fauna to migrate and for spawning. Many native villages are submerged, and people lose their livelihood, with little or no hope of rehabilitation. The dams that were constructed to control floods have triggered floods due to sedimentation in the reservoir. It was also observed that the multi-purpose projects induced earthquakes, caused waterborne diseases and pests and pollution resulting from excessive use of water.
Q3. Answer the following questions in about 120 words.
(i) Discuss how rainwater harvesting in semi-arid regions of Rajasthan is carried out.
Answer: Houses in the semi arid regions of Rajasthan have traditionally constructed tanks for storing drinking water. They are big and are a part of the well-developed rooftop rainwater harvesting system. The tanks are constructed inside the main house or the courtyard, and are connected to the sloping roofs of the houses through a pipe. The rain falling on the rooftop travels down and is stored in the tanks. The first spell of rain is not collected as this water cleans the roof and the pipes. The rainwater from the subsequent spells is collected. This water is used till the next rainy season, and is a reliable source of water even after other sources have dried up. The tanks also help in cooling the houses as rooms built around them have generally low temperatures due to conduction.
(ii) Describe how modern adaptations of traditional rainwater harvesting methods are being carried out to conserve and store water.
Answer: In many parts of rural and urban India, rooftop rainwater harvesting is being successfully adapted to store and conserve water. In Gendathur, a remote backward village in Mysore, Karnataka, villagers have installed, in their household’s rooftop, rainwater harvesting system to meet their water needs. Nearly 200 households have installed this system and the village has earned the rare distinction of being rich in rainwater. Tamil Nadu is the first state in India which has made rooftop rainwater harvesting structure compulsory to all the houses across the state. There are legal provisions to punish the defaulters.
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