We have Provided the NCERT/CBSE Solutions chapter-wise for Class 10 Social Science GEography Chapter 6 Manufacturing Industries with Answers by expert subject teacher for latest syllabus and examination. Students can take a free NCERT Solutions of Manufacturing Industries. Each question has right answer Solved by Expert Teacher.
CBSE Solutions Class 10 Social Science Geography Manufacturing Industries
Page No. 79
Q1. Multiple choice questions
(i) Which one of the following industries uses limestone as a raw material.
(a) Aluminium
(b) Cement
(c) Sugar
(d) Jute
Answer: (b) Cement
(ii) Which one of the following agencies markets steel for the public sector plants?
(a) HAIL
(b) SAIL
(c) TATA Steel
(d) MNCC
Answer: (b) SAIL
(iii) Which one of the following industries uses bauxite as a raw material?
(a) Aluminium
(b) Cement
(c) Jute
(d) Steel
Answer: (a) Aluminium
(iv) Which one of the following industries manufactures telephones, computer, etc?
(a) Steel
(b) Electronic
(c) Aluminium
(d) Information Technology
Answer: (b) Electronic
Q2. Answer the following briefly in not more than 30 words.
(i) What is manufacturing?
Answer: Manufacturing is the production of goods in large quantities after processing from raw materials to more valuable products. For e.g.,- paper is manufactured from wood, sugar from sugarcane, iron and steel from iron ore and aluminium from bauxite.
(ii) Name any three physical factors for the location of the industry.
Answer: The three physical factors for the location of an industry are:
(a) Availability of raw material.
(b) Power
(c) Labour
(iii) Name any three human factors for the location of an industry.
Answer: Human factors essential in deciding the location of an industry are − availability of cheap labour, availability of services such as consultants and financial advice, and resources for maintaining labour.
(iv) What are basic industries? Give an example.
Answer: Industries that supply their products or raw materials to manufacture other goods are called basic or key industries. For example, iron and steel, copper smelting and aluminum smelting etc.
(v) Name the important raw materials used in the manufacturing of cement?
Answer: The important raw materials used in the manufacturing of cement are limestone, silica, alumina, and gypsum.
Q3. Write the answers of the following questions in 120 words.
(i) How are integrated steel plants different from mini steel plants? What problems does the industry face? What recent developments have led to a rise in the production capacity?
Answer: Integrated steel plants are different from mini steel plants in many aspects. An integrated steel plant is large and handles everything in one complex—from integrating raw materials to steel making, rolling and shaping. On the other hand, a mini steel plant is smaller, has electric furnaces, uses steel scrap and sponge iron, and has re-rollers that use steel ingots as well. It produces mild and alloy steel of given specifications.
The problems faced by this industry are: (a) high production costs and limited availability of coking coal; (b) lower productivity of labour; (c) irregular supply of energy; and (d) poor infrastructure.
Recent developments that have led to a rise in the production capacity of this industry are liberalisation and Foreign Direct Investment, with help from private entrepreneurs.
(ii) How do industries pollute the environment?
Answer: Industries are responsible for four types of pollution – air, water, land, and noise pollution. Following are the various reasons:
- Air pollution is caused by the presence of high proportion of undesirable gases, such as sulphur dioxide and carbon monoxide.
- Water pollution is caused by organic and inorganic industrial wastes and effluents discharged into rivers.
- Thermal pollution of water occurs when hot water from factories and thermal plants are drained into rivers and ponds before cooling.
- Wastes from nuclear plants cause cancer, birth defects and miscarriages.
- Dumping of wastes especially, glass, harmful chemicals, industrial effluents, packaging, salts and other garbage render the soil useless.
- Noise pollution is caused due to industrial and construction activities, factory equipment, generators, electric saws, drills and other machineries.
(iii) Discuss the steps to be taken to minimise environmental degradation by industry?
Answer: The steps that can be taken to minimise environmental degradation by industries are:
- Adopting the latest techniques and upgrading existing equipment to improve energy efficiency.
- Providing green belts for nurturing ecological balance.
- Particulate matter in the air can be reduced by fitting smokestacks to factories with electrostatic precipitators, fabric filters, scrubbers and inertial separators.
- Using silencers for noise generating equipment.
- Minimising water usage by reusing and recycling it in two or more successive stages.
- Harvesting of rainwater to meet water requirements
Activity
Give one word for each of the following with regard to industry. The number of letters in each word are hinted in brackets.
(i) Used to drive machinery (5) P………………………
(ii) People who work in a factory (6 ) W……………………..
(iii) Where the product is sold (6) M……………………..
(iv) A person who sells goods (8) R………………………
(v) Thing produced (7) P………………………
(vi) To make or produce (11) M……………………..
(vii) Land, Water and Air degraded (9) P………………………
Answer: (i) Power
(ii) Worker
(iii) Market
(iv) Retailer
(v) Product
(vi) Manufacture
(vii) Pollution
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