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NCERT Solutions for Class 9 Social Science Chapter wise
Page No. 60
Exercise
Q1. Choose the right answer from the four alternatives given below :
(i) Migrations change the number, distribution and composition of the population in:
(a) the area of departure
(b) both the area of departure and arrival
(c) the area of arrival
(d) none of the above
Answer: (b) both the area of departure and arrival
(ii) A large proportion of children in a population is a result of
(a) high birth rates
(b) high life expectancies
(c) high death rates
(d) more married couples
Answer: (a) high birth rates
(iii) The magnitude of population growth refers to:
(a) the total population of an area
(b) the number of persons added each year
(c) the rate at which the population increases
(d) the number of females per thousand males
Answer: (b) the number of persons added each year
(iv) According to the Census 2001, a literate person is one who
(a) can read and write his/her name
(b) can read and write any language
(c) is 7 year old and can read and write any language with understanding
(d) knows 3 Rs (reading, writing, arithmetic)
Answer: (c) is 7 year old and can read and write any language with understanding
Q2. Answer the following questions briefly.
(i) Why is the rate of population growth in India declining since 1981?
Answer: The rate of population growth has been declining as a result of greater use of birth control measures.
(ii) Discuss the major components of population growth.
Answer: Birth rate, Death rate, Migration
(iii) Define age structure, death rate and birth rate.
Answer: Age composition can be defined as the population which refers to the number of people in different age groups across the country.
- To understand the socio and economic structure according to population the different age groups people can be found in children, working-age and aged people.
- Population charts can be made according to the percentage of children, working people, and aged ones.
- Children grouped in age below fifteen, and are required food, economically unproductive, and also need all the medical care.
- Working people are grouped in the category of age fifteen to fifty-nine years, and are economically productive.
- Aged people are grouped in categories above fifty-nine which means they are economically productive but are retired.
- The natural increase in population is the difference between birth and death rate, use of birth control measures declining the population growth.
(iv) How is migration a determinant of population change?
Answer: Migration is the movement of people across regions and territories. It not only changes the population size but also the population composition of urban and rural populations in terms of age and sex composition. In India, the rural-urban migration has resulted in a steady increase in the percentage of population in cities and towns. Thus, migration plays a very significant role in changing the composition and distribution of population.
Q3. Distinguish between population growth and population change.
Answer:
Population growth:
1) Increase in the number of inhabitants of a region during a specific time period.
2) Birth rate and migration are the major causes of population growth.
Population change:
1) During a specific time period, it is the change in the distribution, composition or size of the population.
2) Birth rate, migration, emigration are the major causes of population change.
Q4. What is the relation between occupational structure and development?
Answer: Development is related to occupational structure of the population. Countries are less developed where a higher percentage of population is engaged in primary occupations like agriculture, animal husbandry, forestry and fishing.
As development takes place more people move into secondary occupations like manufacturing.In highly developed societies, there are a high percentage of people involved in tertiary occupations like banking, commerce, transport and administratio
Q5. What are the advantages of having a healthy population?
Answer: Population wellbeing is implied to the gathering of people having the best physical and mental wellbeing.
- If the population is healthy there will be less risk of heart attack caused due to an increase in cholesterol levels.
- A healthy population decreases the weight of medical care which is being affected by unhealthy populations.
- The people with good health help in the result of making a sound country.
- It also helps in building up a productive workforce.
- Healthy people know their potential so that they may play an important role in the social, economic, and national development of the country.
Q6. What are the significant features of the National Population Policy 2000?
Answer: Recognising that the planning of families would improve individual health and welfare, the Government of India initiated a comprehensive Family Planning Programme in 1952. The Family Welfare Programme has sought to promote responsible and planned parenthood on a voluntary basis. The National Population Policy (NDP) 2000 is a culmination of years of planned efforts. The NPP 2000 provides a policy framework for imparting free and compulsory school education up to 14 years of age, reducing the infant mortality rate to below 30 per 1000 live births, achieving universal immunisation of children against all vaccine-preventable diseases, promoting delayed marriage for girls and making family welfare a people-centred programme.
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